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Study: Enforcement gaps leave disabled women unsupported

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KUWAIT: A recent study has highlighted significant gaps in the implementation of laws designed to protect women with disabilities in Kuwait. While the country has established a strong legal framework aimed at ensuring equal rights for individuals with disabilities, the study found that inconsistent enforcement leaves many women without adequate support.

Conducted by Haila Al-Mekaimi, a political science professor at Kuwait University, in collaboration with the Kuwaiti Union of Women’s Associations and various civil society groups, the study gathered responses from women with disabilities and their advocates. It explored the effectiveness of national laws that safeguard their rights, with particular focus on their practical application.

Despite a robust legal framework—including provisions for equal access to education, healthcare, employment, and social inclusion—the study revealed that many women still struggle to benefit from these protections.

Kuwait’s legal framework

Kuwait’s commitment to protecting people with disabilities is enshrined in the 1962 Constitution, which guarantees equality before the law. Subsequent legislation has reinforced this commitment, with key laws such as: Law No 51 of 2006, which prohibits discrimination based on disability and Law No 8 of 2010, ensuring access to education, healthcare, and employment. In addition, Law No 29 of 2015 promotes the employment of disabled individuals and Law No 19 of 2016, ensures access to public facilities. The creation of the Public Authority for People with Disabilities in 2018 further bolstered the protection of their rights. However, despite these advancements, the enforcement of these laws remains inconsistent, especially when addressing the unique needs of women with disabilities.

2023 amendments

A significant issue raised in the study was the government’s rejection of proposed amendments to the Law on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2023. These amendments sought to improve financial support for caregivers, including non-Kuwaiti spouses and relatives, enhance housing rights for families with disabled members, and provide funding for prosthetic devices and nursing care.

The rejection of these amendments, particularly those concerning financial and employment benefits, has been a source of frustration. Surveyed women gave the government’s decision a rating of 2.8 out of 5, reflecting widespread dissatisfaction with the lack of progress on these crucial issues.

Al-Mekaimi noted: “While these legislative measures sought to improve support for individuals with disabilities, the government’s rejection of the 2024 bill is disappointing for disability activists. The financial constraints cited as reasons for rejection underscore the challenge of balancing budgetary limits with the need for comprehensive support systems.”

Gender gaps in satisfaction

The study also revealed a notable gender gap in satisfaction with the enforcement of disability laws. While men were generally more satisfied with the benefits they received, women expressed lower satisfaction in key areas such as financial support and employment rights. For instance, women rated their satisfaction with financial benefits at 4.0, compared to 4.5 for men. Similarly, women’s satisfaction with employment rights was lower, at 3.6, compared to 4.1 for men.

However, women reported slightly higher satisfaction with education rights (4.3) compared to men (4.8), although the gap suggests that more work is needed to ensure full equality in education for people with disabilities.

Key recommendations

The study’s findings have led to several recommendations aimed at improving the situation for women with disabilities in Kuwait. First, the enforcement of existing laws needs to be strengthened. Women with disabilities must have access to the services and protections guaranteed by law, and greater consistency in enforcement is necessary to ensure that these provisions reach all individuals in need.

Second, raising public awareness is crucial to improving the situation. Public campaigns should be launched to educate both citizens and government agencies on the rights of people with disabilities. These initiatives would help foster a more inclusive society and ensure that individuals with disabilities are better understood and supported.

Third, civil society organizations should play a more active role in advocating for the rights of women with disabilities. By engaging more proactively, these groups can bridge the gap between policy and practical outcomes, ensuring that laws translate into real-world improvements in the lives of individuals with disabilities.

Finally, a gender-sensitive approach to legal reform is needed. The study highlights that women with disabilities face unique challenges that need to be addressed through targeted legal reforms. These reforms would ensure that women’s rights are fully realized, and that the legislation works to eliminate the specific barriers they face in areas such as financial support, employment, and housing.

Al-Mekaimi concluded: “Implementing these recommendations can help create a more inclusive society in Kuwait, addressing the disparities in the enforcement and understanding of disability legislation. This will strengthen the position of women with disabilities and enable their full participation in all aspects of society.”

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Kuwait envoy urges using digital tools for peace, recovery

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RIYADH: Kuwait’s Ambassador to Saudi Arabia and Permanent Representative to the Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO), Sheikh Sabah Nasser Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, on Monday underscored the importance of employing digital technologies to support peacebuilding, humanitarian efforts and post-conflict reconstruction as pathways to stability and prosperity.

Representing Kuwait, which holds the DCO presidency for 2025, Sheikh Sabah delivered his remarks at the fifth edition of the Digital Cooperation Diplomacy series, jointly organized by the Kuwaiti Embassy in Riyadh and the DCO under the theme “Digital Tools to Enhance Post-Conflict Recovery.” The event was attended by DCO Secretary-General Dima Al-Yahya, former UK Minister of Culture and Digital Economy Lord Ed Vaizey, alongside a host of ambassadors and diplomats accredited to Riyadh.

In his speech, Sheikh Sabah stressed the urgency of deepening cooperation in the face of global challenges and advancing policies that ensure the effective use of digital tools in conflict resolution and recovery. “The participation of diplomats in this dialogue reflects their commitment to the objectives of the DCO,” he said. He reaffirmed Kuwait’s strong support for the organization’s mission to accelerate digital prosperity and inclusive growth, highlighting the importance of building a more resilient and prepared digital ecosystem through collaboration and collective action.

“The convening of this dialogue comes at an exceptional time when Kuwait attaches great importance to digital transformation as part of its Vision 2035, while working to advance the shared interests of the international community,” Sheikh Sabah said. He noted that Kuwait’s simultaneous presidency of both the DCO and the Gulf Cooperation Council this year underscores the weight of its responsibilities amid mounting global challenges. DCO Secretary-General Dima Al-Yahya, for her part, emphasized the critical role of digital technology in post-conflict recovery, noting that today’s crises have displaced more than 122 million people worldwide. “Wars and disasters tear apart institutions, erode trust and displace families,” she said.

“But digital reconstruction can help accelerate recovery, rebuild societies on stronger foundations and design systems that are more just and effective.” She called for flexible, realistic and responsive international cooperation to keep pace with rapid digital transformations, while urging stronger partnerships between governments, technology companies, academia and civil society to ensure that digital transformation benefits reach the most vulnerable.

Former UK Minister Lord Ed Vaizey also highlighted the transformative potential of technology in rebuilding societies. “From restoring basic services to creating opportunities for young entrepreneurs, digital innovation offers hope even in the most difficult circumstances,” he said. The dialogue, held under Chatham House rules, brought together ambassadors from DCO member states and international partners for an open exchange on harnessing digital tools to promote peace, reconstruction and long-term stability. — KUNA

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Cabinet approves draft laws on real estate, children

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KUWAIT: The Cabinet on Tuesday received a detailed presentation from Governor of the Central Bank of Kuwait Basel Ahmad Al-Haroun on Fitch Ratings’ recent affirmation of Kuwait’s sovereign credit rating at AA- with a stable outlook, highlighting the country’s strong domestic financial position and exceptionally robust external balance. Following the weekly Cabinet meeting chaired by His Highness the Prime Minister Sheikh Ahmad Abdullah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah at Bayan Palace, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Cabinet Affairs Shareeda Abdullah Al-Maousherji said the presentation outlined the framework for sovereign credit ratings, Kuwait’s rating trajectory, analytical pillars and factors that could impact future ratings.

The Cabinet reiterated its commitment to continuing financial reforms to strengthen Kuwait’s sovereign credit standing globally. Earlier in the meeting, ministers reviewed messages sent to His Highness the Amir Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah from foreign leaders regarding bilateral relations and cooperation across multiple sectors. On domestic projects, Minister of Public Works Dr Noura Mohammad Al-Mashaan briefed the Cabinet on coordination efforts with the Audit Bureau and the Central Agency for Public Tenders, alongside representatives from the Ministry of Interior, General Authority of Civil Aviation, and the Fatwa and Legislation Department.

Discussions focused on enhancing coordination to ensure the New Passenger Terminal (T2) project at Kuwait International Airport meets the highest standards of quality and efficiency. The Cabinet called on all relevant authorities to intensify efforts, address challenges, and accelerate project implementation according to the specified timeline.

In legislative matters, the Cabinet approved a draft decree-law amending certain provisions of Law No 21 of 2015 on Children’s Rights. The amendments aim to ensure newborns are added to the father’s nationality portfolio, with penalties for non-compliance as stipulated in Article 81. The Ministry of Interior, in coordination with the Fatwa and Legislation Department, will prepare an explanatory memorandum for the decree-law, which will be submitted to His Highness the Amir for approval.

The Cabinet also reviewed and approved draft decrees concerning controls on real estate ownership by non-Kuwaitis under Decree-Law No. 74 of 1979, and amendments to Decree No 37 of 1994 establishing the Kuwait Institute for Judicial and Legal Studies. These draft decrees, along with a unified industrial regulation law for GCC countries and several memoranda of understanding with foreign governments, will be submitted to His Highness the Amir. The meeting concluded with the Cabinet approving additional agenda items and referring specific topics to relevant ministerial committees for further review and reporting. — KUNA

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UN Special Rapporteur calls on Kuwait to form women’s ministry

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KUWAIT: Women in Kuwait continue to face challenges in reporting incidents of violence due to “insufficient specialized judicial courts, ineffective shelters and limited protection systems”, United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women and Girls Reem Alsalem said on Monday in a press conference held at UN House in Kuwait. She emphasized the need for both immediate improvements — such as strengthening shelters and outreach programs — and broader structural reforms, including the establishment of “a stand-alone ministry or high council on women reporting directly to the prime minister.”

Victims continue to face obstacles in accessing justice, Alsalem stressed, pointing to long litigation processes, social stigma, and poor coordination between police, prosecution, and social services. She noted that while family violence courts and hotlines exist, “all shelters that officially exist were under renovation at the time of my visit and could therefore not be accessed”.

The Special Rapporteur drew attention to the plight of domestic workers and migrant women, who remain highly vulnerable under the sponsorship (kafala) system despite protections under the Domestic Workers Law of 2015. She welcomed recent measures that allow temporary sector transfers but said, “their impact remains limited in the face of insufficient enforcement and limited inspection of work conditions.”

Alsalem also highlighted serious nationality-related challenges. Kuwaiti women married to non-Kuwaiti men cannot pass on their nationality to their children on an equal basis with men. She described the consequences for these children as “systemic legal and social discrimination”, leaving them excluded from senior positions in the public sector and dependent on their mother’s legal status, which they lose upon her death.

Equally concerning, she said, was Kuwait’s recent resort to the withdrawal of nationality, a policy introduced in 2024 that has left tens of thousands affected. “Women bear a disproportionate burden, as the majority of those whose citizenship has been revoked are foreign women who had naturalized via marriage to Kuwaiti men,” Alsalem noted, describing the impact as devastating: Loss of jobs, property, pensions, housing, travel rights and access to basic services. While she acknowledged mitigation efforts such as temporary passports and an online appeals portal, she emphasized the need for an independent appeals mechanism under the judiciary.

Looking ahead, Alsalem underscored the need for better data collection, awareness campaigns to challenge harmful societal norms, and “one-stop shops” that provide safe spaces and comprehensive services for survivors of violence. She urged Kuwait to engage more closely with civil society organizations in running shelters and outreach programs.

Despite these challenges, Alsalem acknowledged Kuwait’s positive steps. She welcomed reforms such as the 2020 Domestic Violence Law, the 2025 Penal Code amendments abolishing leniency in so-called “honor killings,” and the 2025 reform of the Personal Status Law raising the marriage age to 18 for both sexes. She also noted Kuwait’s progress on equal pay for equal work, growing female participation in leadership, judiciary, diplomacy, and sports, and its humanitarian role in crises from Gaza to Sudan.

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